![]() ![]() ![]() This transformation never occurred in the totalitarian, the Bolshevik and the Nazi movements. In other words, when the time came for the socialist movements to seize power in their respective countries, they had already been transformed into national parties. The socialist movement was spared this crisis, first, because the national question-and that meant the strategical problem involved in the revolution-had been curiously neglected by Marx and Engels, and, secondly, because it faced governmental problems only after the first World War had divested the Second International of its authority over the national members, which everywhere had accepted the primacy of national sentiments over international solidarity as an unalterable fact. ![]() When a movement, international in organisation, all-comprehensive in its ideological scope, and global in its political aspiration, seizes power in one country, it obviously puts itself in a paradoxical situation. ![]()
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